The operation of canning equipment (such as punching machines, edge rolling machines, welding machines, painting lines, etc.) must strictly follow safety regulations and operating procedures, ensuring the personal safety of operators and avoiding equipment damage and product quality issues. The following provides a detailed explanation of operational precautions from six core dimensions: safety protection, equipment inspection, operating standards, exception handling, occupational health, and equipment maintenance:

1. Safety protection: eliminate the risk of personal injury

Safety protection is the primary prerequisite for operating canning equipment, which requires "pre job inspection, on-the-job compliance, and no violations throughout the entire process":

• Wear compliant protective equipment

• Full protective equipment must be worn as required, and wearing clothing that may cause danger is prohibited

• Mandatory wearing: safety helmet (to prevent falling objects or equipment components from falling from high altitude), anti smashing safety shoes (to avoid metal waste/parts from injuring feet), protective gloves (anti slip+anti metal burrs and scratches, high temperature/chemical resistant gloves are required for welding/painting positions), goggles (to prevent metal debris splashing for punching/cutting positions).

• Prohibited from wearing: loose clothing (such as oversized cuffs, aprons), necklaces/bracelets/rings (easily tangled by equipment transmission components), and those with long hair should tuck their hair into a safety helmet (to avoid getting caught up in gears/belts).

• Confirm that the safety device is effective

  Before starting up, it is necessary to check the safety protection devices of the equipment to ensure that there is no damage or failure:

• Punching/Pressure Equipment: Check the dual hand start button (both hands need to be pressed simultaneously to start, to prevent one hand misoperation), photoelectric protection device (the equipment will stop immediately when blocked), and emergency stop button (red, prominently located and sensitive to pressing).

• Curling/welding equipment: Check the protective fence (to prevent limbs from entering rotating parts) and spark protection cover (to prevent sparks from splashing and scalding during welding).

• It is strictly prohibited to dismantle or shield safety devices without authorization (such as using tape to stick photoelectric sensors). If a device malfunction is found, immediately stop the machine and report it for repair.

• Comply with the 'restricted area' rules

• When the equipment is running, it is forbidden to insert hands, arms, or tools into dangerous areas such as the mold cavity, transmission gap, curling wheel, conveyor belt clamp, etc. (even if the equipment is running at low speed, it may trigger the action instantly).

• Non operators are prohibited from entering the equipment operation area. If multiple people are required to cooperate (such as cutting and feeding), clear division of labor and the use of "gestures/passwords" to confirm should be made to avoid misoperation.

2. Equipment inspection: Ensure normal status before startup

Can making equipment is mostly operated with high precision and high load. A comprehensive inspection before startup can avoid equipment damage or accidents caused by "faulty operation":

• Basic status check

• Appearance: Check whether the equipment casing and protective cover are intact, without deformation or cracks; Are the anchor bolts of the equipment tightened to prevent vibration and displacement during operation.

• Power/Air/Hydraulic: Confirm that the power supply voltage is stable (in accordance with the rated voltage of the equipment, such as 380V industrial electricity), the wires are not damaged, and the grounding is reliable; The gas source pressure is normal (such as 0.6-0.8MPa), and there is no leakage in the trachea; The hydraulic system oil level is between the upper and lower limits, with no oil leakage or high oil temperature (generally ≤ 60 ℃).

• Core component inspection

  Focus on inspecting key components based on equipment type:

• Punching/stretching machine: It is necessary to check whether the mold is installed firmly and the gap is uniform (without misalignment); Whether the slider runs smoothly without any jamming or abnormal noise; Is the clutch sensitive to avoid slipping or sticking.

• Edge rolling machine: Focus on checking the degree of wear of the edge rolling wheel (without serious scratches/deformation). If the wear is excessive, it can easily lead to uneven edge rolling of the can body; At the same time, confirm whether the pressure of the roller is appropriate (too loose may cause loose edges, while too tight may cause the roller to break or damage the can body).

• Welding machine (such as seam welding): Check whether the electrode head is clean (without oxide accumulation, which can affect the conductivity of the welding and cause virtual connection of the solder joint); Check if the welding current and speed parameters match the material of the can body (for example, tinplate requires lower current, aluminum requires higher current, and if the parameters do not match, welding penetration or leakage may occur).

• Coating/drying line: First, test spray to confirm if the nozzle is blocked (blockage can cause uneven coating thickness), and check if the nozzle atomization effect is uniform; Check if the temperature sensor of the drying oven is accurate (high temperature can easily cause coating coking, while low temperature can result in insufficient coating adhesion).

• Material and tooling inspection

• Confirm that the specifications of the materials to be processed (such as tinplate coils and aluminum sheets) meet the equipment requirements (with no deviation in thickness and width. If the material is too thick, it may get stuck in the equipment, and if it is too thin, it may be deformed by pressure). At the same time, check the surface of the materials for oil stains and scratches (oil stains can affect the coating or welding effect, and scratches can reduce the strength of the can body).

• Check whether the fixtures and jigs (such as positioning blocks and suction cups) are intact, and confirm whether the positioning accuracy meets the standard (if the positioning is offset, it will cause dimensional deviation of the tank body and even cause equipment jamming).

3. Operation standard: Follow the process to avoid misoperation

• Startup and trial operation

• Before starting up, it is necessary to turn on the power in the order of "total power first, equipment power later", and wait for the equipment to complete self inspection (if the self inspection reports an error, the fault must be checked first, and forced startup is not allowed).

• After the first start-up or replacement of materials/molds, it is necessary to conduct an "empty machine trial run" (running for 1-2 cycles without materials) to observe whether the equipment runs smoothly and synchronously (such as whether the punch slide and feeding mechanism are coordinated smoothly), and confirm that there are no abnormalities before starting the feeding production.

• Production process operation

• When feeding, it is necessary to maintain a "uniform and orderly" speed to avoid adding too much material at once (to prevent material accumulation and equipment jamming); If manual auxiliary feeding is required, special tools (such as push rods) should be used. It is forbidden to directly touch the contact area between the material and the equipment transmission components with hands.

• Real time monitoring of product quality: The punching station needs to check whether there are cracks in the can body during stretching, the edge rolling station needs to randomly check the sealing of the edge rolling (which can be checked for leakage through "water injection test"), and the welding station needs to observe whether the welding points are continuous and free of leaks. If any quality problems are found, the machine should be stopped immediately for adjustment, and "production with problems" is not allowed.

• It is prohibited to perform "illegal operations" while the equipment is running, such as cleaning the internal waste of the equipment by hand (after shutting down and cutting off the power), arbitrarily adjusting equipment parameters (such as welding current and punch pressure, parameter adjustments need to be confirmed by the team leader and recorded), leaning against the equipment shell (to avoid body imbalance caused by vibration and getting caught up in the equipment).

• Shutdown process

• The feeding should be stopped first, and after the remaining materials in the equipment are completely processed, the power should be cut off in the order of "equipment power first, then total power"; If it is a hydraulic or pneumatic equipment, the system pressure needs to be released first (such as closing the air source valve and hydraulic valve to avoid pressure residue causing unexpected equipment operation).

• After shutting down, it is necessary to clean the surrounding materials of the equipment (sort and stack finished products and waste materials, and place waste materials in a dedicated metal waste bin to avoid falling on the ground and causing slipping), wipe the surface of the equipment with oil stains (use a dedicated cleaning agent, do not rinse live parts directly with water).

4. Exception handling: timely shutdown, scientific investigation

• Immediate shutdown situation

  When the following situations occur, press the "emergency stop button" immediately to cut off the power:

• The equipment experiences severe vibration and abnormal noise (such as gear collision sound, metal friction sound, which may be due to loose or damaged components);

• Material jamming (such as the tank body getting stuck in the mold or conveyor belt, forced operation can cause equipment overload and damage);

• Smoke and odor (such as burnt wires or overheated hydraulic oil, which may be due to electrical faults or hydraulic system abnormalities);

• Personal safety hazards occur (such as failure of protective devices, splashing of materials).

• Troubleshooting and repair reporting

• After shutdown, it is not allowed to disassemble the equipment (especially professional components such as electrical cabinets and hydraulic systems) without authorization. The fault phenomenon should be recorded first (such as "abnormal noise during operation of the curling machine, accompanied by heating of the curling wheel"), and the equipment maintenance personnel should be notified in a timely manner.

• During the maintenance process, it is necessary to hang a warning sign next to the equipment that reads' under maintenance, no turning on 'to prevent others from accidentally closing the switch; After the maintenance is completed, it is necessary to conduct an empty machine test run together with the maintenance personnel to confirm that the fault has been eliminated before resuming production.

5. Occupational Health: Focus on Long term Protection

• Dust and exhaust gas protection

• Stamping and cutting positions can generate metal dust, so it is necessary to ensure that the workshop ventilation system is normal (such as turning on exhaust fans or dust removal equipment), and if necessary, wear dust masks (N95 or above level) to avoid long-term inhalation of dust and respiratory diseases.

• The painting and welding positions will generate volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or welding fumes. Local exhaust devices (such as welding fume purifiers and painting fumes collection hoods) need to be installed next to the workstation, and operators need to wear gas masks (filter boxes for organic vapors).

• Noise and vibration protection

• Punching machines and edge curling machines produce loud noise (usually exceeding 85dB) during operation, so it is necessary to wear noise proof earplugs or earmuffs to avoid hearing damage caused by long-term exposure; At the same time, regularly check the shock absorption devices of the equipment (such as the foot cushion) to reduce the impact of equipment vibration on the human body.

• Daily routine and protective habits

• Avoid prolonged continuous operation (it is recommended to take a 10 minute break every 1-2 hours and move your limbs) to prevent fatigue from causing lack of concentration and leading to misoperation.

• Clean hands promptly after operation (especially after contact with paint or hydraulic oil, use industrial hand sanitizer to avoid chemical residue). If skin comes into contact with irritating liquids, rinse immediately with clean water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical examination.

6. Equipment maintenance: Extend lifespan, reduce malfunctions

• Routine maintenance

• After daily production, it is necessary to clean up the internal waste of the equipment (such as metal debris in the punch mold to avoid debris getting stuck in the mold), wipe the surface of the guide rail and transmission components, and add lubricating oil as required (such as guide rail oil and gear oil, do not mix oil products).

• Check the wear condition of vulnerable parts (such as punch die cutting edge, edge sealing ring, welding machine electrode head). If the wear exceeds the standard, it needs to be replaced in a timely manner (if the die cutting edge becomes dull, it will cause burrs on the can body, and the cutting edge needs to be replaced or re ground).

• Regular maintenance

• Check the electrical wiring terminals of the equipment weekly for looseness (looseness can cause poor contact and equipment tripping), and tighten the loose terminals; Check the air source filter and hydraulic oil filter. If there are too many impurities, replace the filter element (impurities can block the pipeline and affect the system pressure).

• Conduct a monthly "deep inspection" of key components of the equipment, such as the wear of the press clutch brake pads, the lubrication status of the rolling machine bearings, and whether the heating tubes of the drying furnace are aging (aging of the heating tubes can lead to uneven temperature), and keep maintenance records (indicating the maintenance date, component status, and replacement situation).

• Long term maintenance

• Conduct a comprehensive maintenance every quarter or six months (depending on the frequency of equipment use), such as replacing hydraulic oil, cleaning hydraulic oil tanks, checking the accuracy of equipment spindles and screws (if the accuracy decreases, calibration or repair is required); Dust the contactors and relays inside the electrical cabinet to avoid electrical faults caused by dust accumulation.